Structural Observation- Sungai Tok Pawang

Outcrop 2.1

Qs 277712E,

637777N

Structures

• This area is mildly deformed and the outcrop presents the beddings at a dipping estimated to be ca. 35⁰. And this uplift is interpreted as the result of intrusion of an igneous body.

• Moreover, it is indispensable to mention that this outcrop is also displaying three sets of fractures formed during extensional regime. These fractures are denominated as open fractures (Mode I).

• No foliation was observed here.

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Outcrop 2.2

Qs 277606E,

637829N

• Patches of Sedimentary rocks are observed in this granite outcrop and they serve as indicator of primary response to altered sediment supply.

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Outcrop 2.3

Qs 277599E, 637849N

• Brittle structures (fractures) were observed in this outcrop, and they resulted from uplifting process of the underlying granite.

• The underlying and exposed granite displays sedimentary patches.

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Outcrop 2.4

Qs 277592E,

637849N

• Granite intrusion has uplifted the metasedimentary beds in this area, thus the metasedimentary rock beds are mildly dipping.

• Originally, this metasedimentary rock outcrop was consisting of interbedded sandstone and shale, consequently, traces of organic matter can be seen in this quartzite outcrop.

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Outcrop 2.5

Qs 277602E,

637905N

• This quartzite outcrop displays brittle structures (open fractures- Mode I) formed in extensional regime.

• Granite intrusion mildly uplifted this outcrop, causing the beddings to be in dipping position.

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Outcrop 2.6

Qs 277600E,

637954N

• Four different beddings can be observed in this quartzite outcrop. These beddings’ thickness is estimated as (3.3m, 2.5m, 1.65m & 3.3m) from bottom to the uppermost of the outcrop.

• The bottom part displays foliation, however the top is non-foliated.

• Fractures are also an evidence of existence of extensional regime in this locality.

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Outcrop 2.7

Qs 277593E

637958N

• The bottom part of this outcrop, which is granite body is characterised by ductile structures (foliation), whereas the uppermost part, which is quartzite is dominated by brittle structures (fractures) produced during the intrusion of granite.

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Outcrop 2.8

Qs 277565E,

637980N

• Presence of Phaneritic Granite

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Outcrop 2.9

Qs 277530E,

637997N

• Brittle structures (open structure) can be seen in the granite.This fracture is classified as mode I and it is the result of tensile loading.

• Quartz vein with 5.625m in length and 3.5cm in width.

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Outcrop 2.10

Qs 277422E,

637997N

• Fractures dominate this outcrop and they resulted from the release of confining pressure.

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Outcrop 2.11

Qs 277426E,

638008N

• One can observe fractures, either caused by intrusion of the granite or due to root wedging.

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Outcrop 2.12

Qs 277389E,

638014N

• The uppermost of this outcrop displays its beddings uplifted/dipping at 23⁰. This uplift might have been originated by granite intrusion which pushed up the country rock.

• Consequently, fractures were formed during this uplifting process.

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Outcrop 2.13

GPS out of battery

• Systematic joints/fractures (three sets) can be seen in this locality. They were caused by regional as well as local stresses during deformation.

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Outcrop 2.14

GPS out of battery

• This area is mildly weathered and a fault can be observed and it is the brittle structure formed in extensional regime.